Choose benchmark test, operation and batch mode:

When one or more of the All filters is selected - only average normalized results are displayed. Please read Running and Results for more details.

Speed comparison of JPA database retrieval operations per second (higher is better)

 Derby
embedded		H2
embedded		HSQLDB
embedded		SQLite
embedded		DB4O
embedded		ObjectDB
embedded		Derby
server		H2
server		MySQL
server		PostgreSQL
server		ObjectDB
server
DataNucleus38,98945,70426,222 4,919 19,73121,29226,86825,386 
EclipseLink186,802114,527107,225failed  35,46725,96945,91953,999 
Hibernate45,34342,09559,5456,297  26,38719,38635,43436,824 
OpenJPA73,36897,031120,908   36,13724,45464,79751,905 
ObjectDB     277,067    164,950

Performance comparison chart - The Y-Axis represents normalized score in logarithmic scale - higher is better:
JPA performance benchmark comparision Hibernate, EclipseLink, OpenJPA, DataNucleus, ObjectDB

Performance comparison chart - The Y-Axis represents normalized score in linear scale - higher is better:
JPA performance benchmark comparision Hibernate, EclipseLink, OpenJPA, DataNucleus, ObjectDB

Best and Worst JPA/Database Performer in this comparison

The Most Efficient (the Fastest):

1. ObjectDB embedded100
2. EclipseLink with Derby embedded67.4
3. ObjectDB server59.5
4. OpenJPA with HSQLDB embedded43.6
5. EclipseLink with H2 embedded41.3
6. EclipseLink with HSQLDB embedded38.7
7. OpenJPA with H2 embedded35.0
8. OpenJPA with Derby embedded26.5
9. OpenJPA with MySQL server23.4
10. Hibernate with HSQLDB embedded21.5
11. EclipseLink with PostgreSQL server19.5
12. OpenJPA with PostgreSQL server18.7
13. EclipseLink with MySQL server16.6
14. DataNucleus with H2 embedded16.5
15. Hibernate with Derby embedded16.4
16. Hibernate with H2 embedded15.2
17. DataNucleus with Derby embedded14.1

The Least Efficient (the Slowest):

18. Hibernate with PostgreSQL server13.3
19. OpenJPA with Derby server13.0
20. EclipseLink with Derby server12.8
21. Hibernate with MySQL server12.8
22. DataNucleus with MySQL server9.7
23. Hibernate with Derby server9.5
24. DataNucleus with HSQLDB embedded9.5
25. EclipseLink with H2 server9.4
26. DataNucleus with PostgreSQL server9.2
27. OpenJPA with H2 server8.8
28. DataNucleus with H2 server7.7
29. DataNucleus with Derby server7.1
30. Hibernate with H2 server7.0
31. Hibernate with SQLite embedded2.3
32. DataNucleus with DB4O embedded1.8
33. EclipseLink with SQLite embedded0.0000

Problems (Exceptions) in these tests

  • EclipseLink with SQLite embedded
    Local Exception Stack: 
Exception [EclipseLink-3002] (Eclipse Persistence Services - 2.1.1.v20100817-r8050): org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.ConversionException
Exception Description: The object [511,200,000], of class [class java.lang.Integer], from mapping [org.eclipse.persistence.mappings.DirectToFieldMapping[joinDate-->INDEXEDPERSON.JOINDATE]] with descriptor [RelationalDescriptor(org.jpab.index.IndexedPerson --> [DatabaseTable(INDEXEDPERSON)])], could not be converted to [class java.util.Date].
	at org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.ConversionException.couldNotBeConverted(ConversionException.java:71)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.helper.ConversionManager.convertObjectToUtilDate(ConversionManager.java:761)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.helper.ConversionManager.convertObject(ConversionManager.java:101)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.databaseaccess.DatasourcePlatform.convertObject(DatasourcePlatform.java:157)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.mappings.converters.TypeConversionConverter.convertDataValueToObjectValue(TypeConversionConverter.java:119)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.mappings.foundation.AbstractDirectMapping.getAttributeValue(AbstractDirectMapping.java:675)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.mappings.foundation.AbstractDirectMapping.valueFromRow(AbstractDirectMapping.java:1263)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.mappings.foundation.AbstractDirectMapping.buildCloneFromRow(AbstractDirectMapping.java:1234)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.descriptors.ObjectBuilder.buildAttributesIntoWorkingCopyClone(ObjectBuilder.java:1338)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.descriptors.ObjectBuilder.buildWorkingCopyCloneFromRow(ObjectBuilder.java:1466)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.descriptors.ObjectBuilder.buildObjectInUnitOfWork(ObjectBuilder.java:558)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.descriptors.ObjectBuilder.buildObject(ObjectBuilder.java:502)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.descriptors.ObjectBuilder.buildObject(ObjectBuilder.java:454)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.queries.ObjectLevelReadQuery.buildObject(ObjectLevelReadQuery.java:721)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.queries.ReadAllQuery.registerResultInUnitOfWork(ReadAllQuery.java:723)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.queries.ReadAllQuery.executeObjectLevelReadQuery(ReadAllQuery.java:420)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.queries.ObjectLevelReadQuery.executeDatabaseQuery(ObjectLevelReadQuery.java:1074)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.queries.DatabaseQuery.execute(DatabaseQuery.java:736)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.queries.ObjectLevelReadQuery.execute(ObjectLevelReadQuery.java:1034)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.queries.ReadAllQuery.execute(ReadAllQuery.java:380)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.queries.ObjectLevelReadQuery.executeInUnitOfWork(ObjectLevelReadQuery.java:1112)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.sessions.UnitOfWorkImpl.internalExecuteQuery(UnitOfWorkImpl.java:2909)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.sessions.AbstractSession.executeQuery(AbstractSession.java:1291)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.sessions.AbstractSession.executeQuery(AbstractSession.java:1273)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.sessions.AbstractSession.executeQuery(AbstractSession.java:1247)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.jpa.EJBQueryImpl.executeReadQuery(EJBQueryImpl.java:479)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.jpa.EJBQueryImpl.getResultList(EJBQueryImpl.java:714)
	at org.jpab.Test.retireveEntities(Test.java:382)
	at org.jpab.Test.doAction(Test.java:251)
	at org.jpab.Runner$RetrieveAction.run0(Runner.java:550)
	at org.jpab.Runner$TestAction.run(Runner.java:517)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)