Choose benchmark test, operation and batch mode:

When one or more of the All filters is selected - only average normalized results are displayed. Please read Running and Results for more details.

Speed comparison of JPA database retrieval operations per second (higher is better)

 Derby
embedded		H2
embedded		HSQLDB
embedded		SQLite
embedded		DB4O
embedded		ObjectDB
embedded		Derby
server		H2
server		MySQL
server		PostgreSQL
server		ObjectDB
server
DataNucleus16,09722,37210,412 6.4 8214,0231,0132,817 
EclipseLink31,25861,97641,869failed  6,8458,55170611,057 
Hibernate18,86419,07139,6854,425  6,3465,2902,3479,460 
OpenJPA27.420.14.5   24.924.232.09,526 
ObjectDB     183,258    24,152

Performance comparison chart - The Y-Axis represents normalized score in logarithmic scale - higher is better:
JPA performance benchmark comparision Hibernate, EclipseLink, OpenJPA, DataNucleus, ObjectDB

Performance comparison chart - The Y-Axis represents normalized score in linear scale - higher is better:
JPA performance benchmark comparision Hibernate, EclipseLink, OpenJPA, DataNucleus, ObjectDB

Best and Worst JPA/Database Performer in this comparison

The Most Efficient (the Fastest):

1. ObjectDB embedded100
2. EclipseLink with H2 embedded33.8
3. EclipseLink with HSQLDB embedded22.8
4. Hibernate with HSQLDB embedded21.7
5. EclipseLink with Derby embedded17.1
6. ObjectDB server13.2
7. DataNucleus with H2 embedded12.2
8. Hibernate with H2 embedded10.4
9. Hibernate with Derby embedded10.3
10. DataNucleus with Derby embedded8.8
11. EclipseLink with PostgreSQL server6.0
12. DataNucleus with HSQLDB embedded5.7
13. OpenJPA with PostgreSQL server5.2
14. Hibernate with PostgreSQL server5.2
15. EclipseLink with H2 server4.7
16. EclipseLink with Derby server3.7
17. Hibernate with Derby server3.5

The Least Efficient (the Slowest):

18. Hibernate with H2 server2.9
19. Hibernate with SQLite embedded2.4
20. DataNucleus with H2 server2.2
21. DataNucleus with PostgreSQL server1.5
22. Hibernate with MySQL server1.3
23. DataNucleus with MySQL server0.55
24. DataNucleus with Derby server0.45
25. EclipseLink with MySQL server0.39
26. OpenJPA with MySQL server0.017
27. OpenJPA with Derby embedded0.015
28. OpenJPA with Derby server0.014
29. OpenJPA with H2 server0.013
30. OpenJPA with H2 embedded0.011
31. DataNucleus with DB4O embedded0.0035
32. OpenJPA with HSQLDB embedded0.0025
33. EclipseLink with SQLite embedded0.0000

Problems (Exceptions) in these tests

  • EclipseLink with SQLite embedded
    Local Exception Stack: 
Exception [EclipseLink-3002] (Eclipse Persistence Services - 2.1.1.v20100817-r8050): org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.ConversionException
Exception Description: The object [-1,389,600,000], of class [class java.lang.Integer], from mapping [org.eclipse.persistence.mappings.DirectToFieldMapping[joinDate-->PERSONBASE.JOINDATE]] with descriptor [RelationalDescriptor(org.jpab.ext.PersonExtExt --> [DatabaseTable(PERSONBASE)])], could not be converted to [class java.util.Date].
	at org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.ConversionException.couldNotBeConverted(ConversionException.java:71)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.helper.ConversionManager.convertObjectToUtilDate(ConversionManager.java:761)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.helper.ConversionManager.convertObject(ConversionManager.java:101)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.databaseaccess.DatasourcePlatform.convertObject(DatasourcePlatform.java:157)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.mappings.converters.TypeConversionConverter.convertDataValueToObjectValue(TypeConversionConverter.java:119)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.mappings.foundation.AbstractDirectMapping.getAttributeValue(AbstractDirectMapping.java:675)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.mappings.foundation.AbstractDirectMapping.valueFromRow(AbstractDirectMapping.java:1263)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.mappings.foundation.AbstractDirectMapping.buildCloneFromRow(AbstractDirectMapping.java:1234)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.descriptors.ObjectBuilder.buildAttributesIntoWorkingCopyClone(ObjectBuilder.java:1338)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.descriptors.ObjectBuilder.buildWorkingCopyCloneFromRow(ObjectBuilder.java:1466)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.descriptors.ObjectBuilder.buildObjectInUnitOfWork(ObjectBuilder.java:558)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.descriptors.ObjectBuilder.buildObject(ObjectBuilder.java:502)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.descriptors.ObjectBuilder.buildObject(ObjectBuilder.java:454)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.queries.ObjectLevelReadQuery.buildObject(ObjectLevelReadQuery.java:721)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.queries.ReadAllQuery.registerResultInUnitOfWork(ReadAllQuery.java:723)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.queries.ReadAllQuery.executeObjectLevelReadQuery(ReadAllQuery.java:420)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.queries.ObjectLevelReadQuery.executeDatabaseQuery(ObjectLevelReadQuery.java:1074)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.queries.DatabaseQuery.execute(DatabaseQuery.java:736)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.queries.ObjectLevelReadQuery.execute(ObjectLevelReadQuery.java:1034)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.queries.ReadAllQuery.execute(ReadAllQuery.java:380)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.queries.ObjectLevelReadQuery.executeInUnitOfWork(ObjectLevelReadQuery.java:1112)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.sessions.UnitOfWorkImpl.internalExecuteQuery(UnitOfWorkImpl.java:2909)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.sessions.AbstractSession.executeQuery(AbstractSession.java:1291)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.sessions.AbstractSession.executeQuery(AbstractSession.java:1273)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.sessions.AbstractSession.executeQuery(AbstractSession.java:1247)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.jpa.EJBQueryImpl.executeReadQuery(EJBQueryImpl.java:479)
	at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.jpa.EJBQueryImpl.getResultList(EJBQueryImpl.java:714)
	at org.jpab.Test.retireveEntities(Test.java:382)
	at org.jpab.Test.doAction(Test.java:251)
	at org.jpab.Runner$RetrieveAction.run0(Runner.java:550)
	at org.jpab.Runner$TestAction.run(Runner.java:517)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)