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When one or more of the All filters is selected - only average normalized results are displayed. Please read Running and Results for more details.

Comparison of JPA/Database speed - the averages (normalized score, higher is better)

 Derby
embedded
H2
embedded
HSQLDB
embedded
SQLite
embedded
DB4O
embedded
ObjectDB
embedded
Derby
server
H2
server
MySQL
server
PostgreSQL
server
ObjectDB
server
DataNucleus6.97.87.0 0.73 3.32.92.16.0 
EclipseLink13.618.417.90.52  6.64.52.310.5 
Hibernate8.311.013.90.62  5.63.42.79.1 
OpenJPA7.49.59.7   4.23.02.86.5 
ObjectDB     99.8    43.9

Performance comparison chart - The Y-Axis represents normalized score in logarithmic scale - higher is better:
JPA performance benchmark comparision Hibernate, EclipseLink, OpenJPA, DataNucleus, ObjectDB

Performance comparison chart - The Y-Axis represents normalized score in linear scale - higher is better:
JPA performance benchmark comparision Hibernate, EclipseLink, OpenJPA, DataNucleus, ObjectDB

Best and Worst JPA/Database Performer in this comparison

The Most Efficient (the Fastest):

1. ObjectDB embedded99.8
2. ObjectDB server43.9
3. EclipseLink with H2 embedded18.4
4. EclipseLink with HSQLDB embedded17.9
5. Hibernate with HSQLDB embedded13.9
6. EclipseLink with Derby embedded13.6
7. Hibernate with H2 embedded11.0
8. EclipseLink with PostgreSQL server10.5
9. OpenJPA with HSQLDB embedded9.7
10. OpenJPA with H2 embedded9.5
11. Hibernate with PostgreSQL server9.1
12. Hibernate with Derby embedded8.3
13. DataNucleus with H2 embedded7.8
14. OpenJPA with Derby embedded7.4
15. DataNucleus with HSQLDB embedded7.0
16. DataNucleus with Derby embedded6.9
17. EclipseLink with Derby server6.6

The Least Efficient (the Slowest):

18. OpenJPA with PostgreSQL server6.5
19. DataNucleus with PostgreSQL server6.0
20. Hibernate with Derby server5.6
21. EclipseLink with H2 server4.5
22. OpenJPA with Derby server4.2
23. Hibernate with H2 server3.4
24. DataNucleus with Derby server3.3
25. OpenJPA with H2 server3.0
26. DataNucleus with H2 server2.9
27. OpenJPA with MySQL server2.8
28. Hibernate with MySQL server2.7
29. EclipseLink with MySQL server2.3
30. DataNucleus with MySQL server2.1
31. DataNucleus with DB4O embedded0.73
32. Hibernate with SQLite embedded0.62
33. EclipseLink with SQLite embedded0.52

Total number of failed test runs (out of 58 tests in total) in this page results

 Derby
embedded
H2
embedded
HSQLDB
embedded
SQLite
embedded
DB4O
embedded
ObjectDB
embedded
Derby
server
H2
server
MySQL
server
PostgreSQL
server
ObjectDB
server
DataNucleus643 26 6454 
EclipseLinkAll PassedAll PassedAll Passed39  All PassedAll PassedAll PassedAll Passed 
HibernateAll PassedAll PassedAll Passed14  All PassedAll PassedAll PassedAll Passed 
OpenJPAAll PassedAll PassedAll Passed   All PassedAll PassedAll Passed10 
ObjectDB     All Passed    All Passed

Notes: Failed test runs are not included in any average score calculation. Click on failure numbers to see exception stack traces.

The results above are averages of the following 58 concrete test results