Comparison of Hibernate with Derby embedded vs DataNucleus with MySQL server

Each of the following tables focuses on a specific database operation, where the last table presents average results comparison.

Speed comparison of JPA database persistence operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate Derby embedded	DataNucleus MySQL server	Hibernate Derby embedded	DataNucleus MySQL server	Hibernate Derby embedded	DataNucleus MySQL server
Basic Person Test	5.9	2.6	3.8	1.4	4.9	2.0
Element Collection Test	2.9	1.0	1.8	0.48	2.3	0.76
Inheritance Test	5.3	2.5	3.7	1.3	4.5	1.9
Indexing Test	7.0	4.0	4.8	2.5	5.9	3.3
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	1.9	1.1	1.7	0.99	1.8	1.1
Multithreading Test	10.5	6.2	3.7	2.5	7.1	4.4
All Tests	5.6	2.9	3.3	1.5	4.4	2.2

The results above show that in general Hibernate with Derby embedded is more efficient than DataNucleus with MySQL server in persisting JPA entity objects to the database. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with MySQL database server (2.2) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with Derby embedded database (4.4) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with Derby embedded is 2.0 times faster than DataNucleus with MySQL server.

A large performance gap has been detected when using JPA element collections with large transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with MySQL database server (0.48) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with Derby embedded database (1.8) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with Derby embedded is 3.8 times faster than DataNucleus with MySQL server.

Speed comparison of JPA database retrieval operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Retrieval Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate Derby embedded	DataNucleus MySQL server	Hibernate Derby embedded	DataNucleus MySQL server	Hibernate Derby embedded	DataNucleus MySQL server
Basic Person Test	14.2	0.96	16.4	9.3	15.3	5.1
Element Collection Test	4.4	0.18	4.9	0.77	4.6	0.47
Inheritance Test	10.3	0.55	18.6	8.5	14.4	4.5
Indexing Test	10.0	0.82	16.4	9.7	13.2	5.3
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	2.6	2.1	3.0	3.5	2.8	2.8
Multithreading Test	19.3	0.27	19.3	7.8	19.3	4.0
All Tests	10.1	0.81	13.1	6.6	11.6	3.7

The results above show that in general Hibernate with Derby embedded is much more efficient than DataNucleus with MySQL server in retrieving JPA entity objects from the database. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with MySQL database server (3.7) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with Derby embedded database (11.6) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with Derby embedded is 3.1 times faster than DataNucleus with MySQL server.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using multithreading with small retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with MySQL database server (0.27) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with Derby embedded database (19.3) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with Derby embedded is 71.5 times faster than DataNucleus with MySQL server.

Speed comparison of JPA database query operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Retrieval Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate Derby embedded	DataNucleus MySQL server	Hibernate Derby embedded	DataNucleus MySQL server	Hibernate Derby embedded	DataNucleus MySQL server
Basic Person Test	49.3	7.2	6.8	2.2	28.1	4.7
Element Collection Test	37.6	5.8	2.7	0.27	20.1	3.1
Inheritance Test	24.1	2.9	7.6	1.7	15.9	2.3
Indexing Test	5.3	0.0084	14.8	2.5	10.1	1.2
Multithreading Test	39.7	failed	6.1	failed	22.9	failed
All Tests	31.2	4.0	7.6	1.7	19.4	2.8

DataNucleus with MySQL server has failed in 2 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general Hibernate with Derby embedded is much more efficient than DataNucleus with MySQL server in executing the tested JPA queries. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with MySQL database server (2.8) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with Derby embedded database (19.4) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with Derby embedded is 6.9 times faster than DataNucleus with MySQL server.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using database indexes with small retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with MySQL database server (0.0084) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with Derby embedded database (5.3) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with Derby embedded is 631 times faster than DataNucleus with MySQL server.

Speed comparison of JPA database update operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate Derby embedded	DataNucleus MySQL server	Hibernate Derby embedded	DataNucleus MySQL server	Hibernate Derby embedded	DataNucleus MySQL server
Basic Person Test	4.5	0.61	3.2	1.1	3.8	0.88
Element Collection Test	3.9	0.31	3.1	0.44	3.5	0.38
Inheritance Test	4.6	0.51	4.5	1.8	4.5	1.1
Indexing Test	4.6	0.68	5.5	2.2	5.1	1.5
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	2.7	0.91	1.2	0.47	2.0	0.69
Multithreading Test	11.6	0.64	2.6	failed	7.1	0.64
All Tests	5.3	0.61	3.3	1.2	4.3	0.88

DataNucleus with MySQL server has failed in 1 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general Hibernate with Derby embedded is much more efficient than DataNucleus with MySQL server in updating JPA entity objects in the database. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with MySQL database server (0.88) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with Derby embedded database (4.3) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with Derby embedded is 4.9 times faster than DataNucleus with MySQL server.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using multithreading with small transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with MySQL database server (0.64) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with Derby embedded database (11.6) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with Derby embedded is 18.1 times faster than DataNucleus with MySQL server.

Speed comparison of JPA database removal operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate Derby embedded	DataNucleus MySQL server	Hibernate Derby embedded	DataNucleus MySQL server	Hibernate Derby embedded	DataNucleus MySQL server
Basic Person Test	3.8	0.70	4.2	1.3	4.0	1.0
Element Collection Test	2.3	0.17	1.5	0.40	1.9	0.29
Inheritance Test	4.0	0.41	4.3	1.3	4.2	0.87
Indexing Test	5.5	1.7	3.6	1.9	4.6	1.8
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	0.74	0.49	0.96	0.46	0.85	0.47
Multithreading Test	5.6	failed	4.9	failed	5.3	failed
All Tests	3.7	0.69	3.3	1.1	3.5	0.89

DataNucleus with MySQL server has failed in 2 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general Hibernate with Derby embedded is much more efficient than DataNucleus with MySQL server in deleting JPA entity objects from the database. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with MySQL database server (0.89) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with Derby embedded database (3.5) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with Derby embedded is 3.9 times faster than DataNucleus with MySQL server.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using JPA element collections with small transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with MySQL database server (0.17) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with Derby embedded database (2.3) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with Derby embedded is 13.5 times faster than DataNucleus with MySQL server.

Comparison of JPA/Database speed - the averages (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction/Retrieval Size	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate Derby embedded	DataNucleus MySQL server	Hibernate Derby embedded	DataNucleus MySQL server	Hibernate Derby embedded	DataNucleus MySQL server
Basic Person Test	15.5	2.4	6.9	3.1	11.2	2.7
Element Collection Test	10.2	1.5	2.8	0.47	6.5	0.99
Inheritance Test	9.7	1.4	7.7	2.9	8.7	2.1
Indexing Test	6.5	1.4	9.0	3.8	7.8	2.6
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	2.0	1.2	1.7	1.4	1.8	1.3
Multithreading Test	17.3	2.4	7.3	5.1	12.3	3.5
All Tests	10.5	1.7	6.1	2.6	8.3	2.1

The results above show that in general Hibernate with Derby embedded is much more efficient than DataNucleus with MySQL server in performing JPA database operations. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with MySQL database server (2.1) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with Derby embedded database (8.3) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with Derby embedded is 4.0 times faster than DataNucleus with MySQL server.

A large performance gap has been detected when using multithreading with small transaction/retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with MySQL database server (2.4) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with Derby embedded database (17.3) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with Derby embedded is 7.2 times faster than DataNucleus with MySQL server.

JPA Performance Benchmark (JPAB)