Comparison of OpenJPA with MySQL server vs Hibernate with PostgreSQL server

Each of the following tables focuses on a specific database operation, where the last table presents average results comparison.

Speed comparison of JPA database persistence operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	OpenJPA MySQL server	Hibernate PostgreSQL server	OpenJPA MySQL server	Hibernate PostgreSQL server	OpenJPA MySQL server	Hibernate PostgreSQL server
Basic Person Test	3.9	7.1	1.6	3.4	2.7	5.2
Element Collection Test	1.6	2.9	0.68	1.7	1.1	2.3
Inheritance Test	3.6	7.0	1.4	3.6	2.5	5.3
Indexing Test	5.6	9.3	2.4	6.1	4.0	7.7
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	0.68	3.0	0.57	2.9	0.63	2.9
Multithreading Test	7.2	31.7	2.7	13.9	4.9	22.8
All Tests	3.7	10.2	1.5	5.3	2.6	7.7

The results above show that in general Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is more efficient than OpenJPA with MySQL server in persisting JPA entity objects to the database. Comparing the normalized speed of OpenJPA with MySQL database server (2.6) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with PostgreSQL database server (7.7) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is 3.0 times faster than OpenJPA with MySQL server.

A large performance gap has been detected when using multithreading with large transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of OpenJPA with MySQL database server (2.7) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with PostgreSQL database server (13.9) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is 5.1 times faster than OpenJPA with MySQL server.

Speed comparison of JPA database retrieval operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Retrieval Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	OpenJPA MySQL server	Hibernate PostgreSQL server	OpenJPA MySQL server	Hibernate PostgreSQL server	OpenJPA MySQL server	Hibernate PostgreSQL server
Basic Person Test	3.2	5.5	22.7	11.5	12.9	8.5
Element Collection Test	0.0038	0.025	2.9	0.017	1.4	0.021
Inheritance Test	0.017	5.2	6.9	14.0	3.4	9.6
Indexing Test	2.4	4.6	23.4	13.3	12.9	8.9
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	0.27	0.61	0.35	0.78	0.31	0.70
Multithreading Test	0.14	11.3	18.1	17.0	9.1	14.2
All Tests	1.0	4.5	12.4	9.4	6.7	7.0

The results above show that in general Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is slightly more efficient than OpenJPA with MySQL server in retrieving JPA entity objects from the database.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using class inheritance in the object model with small retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of OpenJPA with MySQL database server (0.017) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with PostgreSQL database server (5.2) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is 306 times faster than OpenJPA with MySQL server.

On the other hand, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is slower, for instance, when using JPA element collections with large retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with PostgreSQL database server (0.017) to the normalized speed of OpenJPA with MySQL database server (2.9) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is 171 times slower than OpenJPA with MySQL server.

Speed comparison of JPA database query operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Retrieval Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	OpenJPA MySQL server	Hibernate PostgreSQL server	OpenJPA MySQL server	Hibernate PostgreSQL server	OpenJPA MySQL server	Hibernate PostgreSQL server
Basic Person Test	9.3	55.5	2.2	6.1	5.8	30.8
Element Collection Test	4.8	11.0	1.1	0.016	2.9	5.5
Inheritance Test	1.5	52.3	0.90	8.7	1.2	30.5
Indexing Test	0.31	0.050	2.1	8.8	1.2	4.4
Multithreading Test	1.9	55.2	0.99	9.2	1.4	32.2
All Tests	3.6	34.8	1.5	6.6	2.5	20.7

The results above show that in general Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is much more efficient than OpenJPA with MySQL server in executing the tested JPA queries. Comparing the normalized speed of OpenJPA with MySQL database server (2.5) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with PostgreSQL database server (20.7) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is 8.3 times faster than OpenJPA with MySQL server.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using class inheritance in the object model with small retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of OpenJPA with MySQL database server (1.5) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with PostgreSQL database server (52.3) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is 34.9 times faster than OpenJPA with MySQL server.

On the other hand, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is slower, for instance, when using JPA element collections with large retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with PostgreSQL database server (0.016) to the normalized speed of OpenJPA with MySQL database server (1.1) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is 68.8 times slower than OpenJPA with MySQL server.

Speed comparison of JPA database update operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	OpenJPA MySQL server	Hibernate PostgreSQL server	OpenJPA MySQL server	Hibernate PostgreSQL server	OpenJPA MySQL server	Hibernate PostgreSQL server
Basic Person Test	0.74	5.3	1.6	2.7	1.2	4.0
Element Collection Test	0.014	0.067	1.7	0.026	0.87	0.046
Inheritance Test	0.048	5.4	2.0	3.8	1.0	4.6
Indexing Test	0.74	5.4	3.0	4.3	1.9	4.8
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	0.45	1.1	0.25	0.58	0.35	0.82
Multithreading Test	0.55	29.6	2.9	6.3	1.7	18.0
All Tests	0.42	7.8	1.9	2.9	1.2	5.4

The results above show that in general Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is much more efficient than OpenJPA with MySQL server in updating JPA entity objects in the database. Comparing the normalized speed of OpenJPA with MySQL database server (1.2) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with PostgreSQL database server (5.4) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is 4.5 times faster than OpenJPA with MySQL server.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using class inheritance in the object model with small transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of OpenJPA with MySQL database server (0.048) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with PostgreSQL database server (5.4) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is 112 times faster than OpenJPA with MySQL server.

On the other hand, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is slower, for instance, when using JPA element collections with large transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with PostgreSQL database server (0.026) to the normalized speed of OpenJPA with MySQL database server (1.7) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is 65.4 times slower than OpenJPA with MySQL server.

Speed comparison of JPA database removal operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	OpenJPA MySQL server	Hibernate PostgreSQL server	OpenJPA MySQL server	Hibernate PostgreSQL server	OpenJPA MySQL server	Hibernate PostgreSQL server
Basic Person Test	0.98	5.3	1.7	4.2	1.4	4.8
Element Collection Test	0.0099	0.020	0.65	stopped	0.33	0.0098
Inheritance Test	0.033	5.1	1.5	4.2	0.75	4.6
Indexing Test	0.64	9.5	2.0	6.3	1.3	7.9
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	0.41	0.012	0.43	0.012	0.42	0.012
Multithreading Test	0.27	23.3	2.9	21.8	1.6	22.5
All Tests	0.39	7.2	1.5	6.1	0.96	6.6

The results above show that in general Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is much more efficient than OpenJPA with MySQL server in deleting JPA entity objects from the database. Comparing the normalized speed of OpenJPA with MySQL database server (0.96) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with PostgreSQL database server (6.6) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is 6.9 times faster than OpenJPA with MySQL server.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using class inheritance in the object model with small transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of OpenJPA with MySQL database server (0.033) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with PostgreSQL database server (5.1) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is 155 times faster than OpenJPA with MySQL server.

On the other hand, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is slower, for instance, when using graphs of objects with large transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with PostgreSQL database server (0.012) to the normalized speed of OpenJPA with MySQL database server (0.43) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is 35.8 times slower than OpenJPA with MySQL server.

Comparison of JPA/Database speed - the averages (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction/Retrieval Size	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	OpenJPA MySQL server	Hibernate PostgreSQL server	OpenJPA MySQL server	Hibernate PostgreSQL server	OpenJPA MySQL server	Hibernate PostgreSQL server
Basic Person Test	3.6	15.7	6.0	5.6	4.8	10.7
Element Collection Test	1.3	2.8	1.4	0.35	1.3	1.6
Inheritance Test	1.0	15.0	2.5	6.9	1.8	10.9
Indexing Test	1.9	5.8	6.6	7.8	4.3	6.8
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	0.45	1.2	0.40	1.1	0.43	1.1
Multithreading Test	2.0	30.2	5.5	13.6	3.8	21.9
All Tests	1.8	12.1	3.9	6.0	2.8	9.1

The results above show that in general Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is much more efficient than OpenJPA with MySQL server in performing JPA database operations. Comparing the normalized speed of OpenJPA with MySQL database server (2.8) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with PostgreSQL database server (9.1) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is 3.2 times faster than OpenJPA with MySQL server.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using multithreading with small transaction/retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of OpenJPA with MySQL database server (2.0) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with PostgreSQL database server (30.2) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is 15.1 times faster than OpenJPA with MySQL server.

On the other hand, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is slower, for instance, when using JPA element collections with large transaction/retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with PostgreSQL database server (0.35) to the normalized speed of OpenJPA with MySQL database server (1.4) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with PostgreSQL server is 4.0 times slower than OpenJPA with MySQL server.

JPA Performance Benchmark (JPAB)