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JPA Performance Benchmark (JPAB)

Comparison of EclipseLink with Derby embedded vs Hibernate with SQLite embedded

Each of the following tables focuses on a specific database operation, where the last table presents average results comparison.

Speed comparison of JPA database persistence operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded
Basic Person Test	5.5	0.083	3.7	1.0	4.6	0.55
Element Collection Test	3.0	0.067	1.7	0.69	2.4	0.38
Inheritance Test	5.3	0.080	3.5	0.99	4.4	0.54
Indexing Test	6.9	0.098	4.6	1.0	5.8	0.55
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	2.0	0.27	1.9	0.96	1.9	0.61
Multithreading Test	9.3	failed	4.1	failed	6.7	failed
All Tests	5.3	0.12	3.2	0.93	4.3	0.53

Hibernate with SQLite embedded has failed in 2 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general EclipseLink with Derby embedded is much more efficient than Hibernate with SQLite embedded in persisting JPA entity objects to the database. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.53) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with Derby embedded database (4.3) reveals that in these tests, EclipseLink with Derby embedded is 8.1 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using database indexes with small transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.098) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with Derby embedded database (6.9) reveals that in that case, EclipseLink with Derby embedded is 70.4 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

Speed comparison of JPA database retrieval operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Retrieval Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded
Basic Person Test	16.4	1.8	58.7	1.3	37.5	1.5
Element Collection Test	7.5	0.0008	13.3	failed	10.4	0.0008
Inheritance Test	17.1	2.4	58.9	1.4	38.0	1.9
Indexing Test	14.2	1.9	67.4	2.3	40.8	2.1
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	2.8	0.56	5.7	0.88	4.2	0.72
Multithreading Test	28.0	failed	48.7	failed	38.4	failed
All Tests	14.3	1.3	42.1	1.5	28.2	1.4

Hibernate with SQLite embedded has failed in 3 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general EclipseLink with Derby embedded is much more efficient than Hibernate with SQLite embedded in retrieving JPA entity objects from the database. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (1.4) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with Derby embedded database (28.2) reveals that in these tests, EclipseLink with Derby embedded is 20.1 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using JPA element collections with small retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.0008) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with Derby embedded database (7.5) reveals that in that case, EclipseLink with Derby embedded is 9,375 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

Speed comparison of JPA database query operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Retrieval Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded
Basic Person Test	53.4	1.1	13.8	0.22	33.6	0.65
Element Collection Test	37.9	0.39	4.4	failed	21.2	0.39
Inheritance Test	37.4	0.53	15.0	0.28	26.2	0.40
Indexing Test	7.6	0.0011	49.3	0.43	28.4	0.21
Multithreading Test	41.2	failed	6.1	failed	23.6	failed
All Tests	35.5	0.50	17.7	0.31	26.6	0.42

Hibernate with SQLite embedded has failed in 3 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general EclipseLink with Derby embedded is much more efficient than Hibernate with SQLite embedded in executing the tested JPA queries. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.42) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with Derby embedded database (26.6) reveals that in these tests, EclipseLink with Derby embedded is 63.3 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using database indexes with small retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.0011) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with Derby embedded database (7.6) reveals that in that case, EclipseLink with Derby embedded is 6,909 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

Speed comparison of JPA database update operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded
Basic Person Test	6.4	0.076	6.7	0.65	6.5	0.37
Element Collection Test	5.4	0.0022	6.2	failed	5.8	0.0022
Inheritance Test	6.5	0.079	9.2	0.97	7.8	0.53
Indexing Test	7.3	0.057	11.1	0.54	9.2	0.30
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	2.8	0.26	1.7	0.42	2.2	0.34
Multithreading Test	21.3	failed	5.0	failed	13.1	failed
All Tests	8.3	0.094	6.6	0.65	7.5	0.34

Hibernate with SQLite embedded has failed in 3 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general EclipseLink with Derby embedded is much more efficient than Hibernate with SQLite embedded in updating JPA entity objects in the database. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.34) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with Derby embedded database (7.5) reveals that in these tests, EclipseLink with Derby embedded is 22.1 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using JPA element collections with small transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.0022) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with Derby embedded database (5.4) reveals that in that case, EclipseLink with Derby embedded is 2,455 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

Speed comparison of JPA database removal operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded
Basic Person Test	4.6	0.061	4.7	0.91	4.6	0.49
Element Collection Test	2.5	0.0007	1.4	failed	1.9	0.0007
Inheritance Test	3.9	0.058	4.5	0.90	4.2	0.48
Indexing Test	6.2	0.079	3.8	0.54	5.0	0.31
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	1.1	0.24	1.0	0.80	1.1	0.52
Multithreading Test	6.2	failed	5.8	failed	6.0	failed
All Tests	4.1	0.088	3.5	0.79	3.8	0.40

Hibernate with SQLite embedded has failed in 3 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general EclipseLink with Derby embedded is much more efficient than Hibernate with SQLite embedded in deleting JPA entity objects from the database. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.40) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with Derby embedded database (3.8) reveals that in these tests, EclipseLink with Derby embedded is 9.5 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using JPA element collections with small transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.0007) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with Derby embedded database (2.5) reveals that in that case, EclipseLink with Derby embedded is 3,571 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

Comparison of database storage efficiency (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded
Basic Person Test	51.1	90.2	51.0	90.2	51.1	90.2
Element Collection Test	38.5	82.0	39.4	82.0	38.9	82.0
Inheritance Test	48.0	80.5	47.9	80.5	48.0	80.5
Indexing Test	51.6	93.4	52.3	94.8	52.0	94.1
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	13.4	67.9	11.7	50.9	12.6	59.4
Multithreading Test	52.6	failed	8.4	failed	30.5	failed
All Tests	42.5	82.8	35.1	79.7	38.8	81.2

Hibernate with SQLite embedded has failed in 2 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general Hibernate with SQLite embedded is more efficient than EclipseLink with Derby embedded in using disk space. Comparing the normalized score of EclipseLink with Derby embedded database (38.8) to the normalized score of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (81.2) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with SQLite embedded is 2.1 times more efficient than EclipseLink with Derby embedded.

A large gap has been detected when using graphs of objects with small transaction size. Comparing the normalized score of EclipseLink with Derby embedded database (13.4) to the normalized score of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (67.9) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with SQLite embedded is 5.1 times more efficient than EclipseLink with Derby embedded.

Comparison of JPA/Database speed - the averages (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction/Retrieval Size	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink Derby embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded
Basic Person Test	17.3	0.63	17.5	0.81	17.4	0.72
Element Collection Test	11.3	0.092	5.4	0.69	8.3	0.19
Inheritance Test	14.0	0.63	18.2	0.91	16.1	0.77
Indexing Test	8.4	0.42	27.2	0.96	17.8	0.69
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	2.2	0.33	2.6	0.77	2.4	0.55
Multithreading Test	21.2	failed	13.9	failed	17.6	failed
All Tests	12.7	0.42	14.5	0.86	13.6	0.62

The results above show that in general EclipseLink with Derby embedded is much more efficient than Hibernate with SQLite embedded in performing JPA database operations. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.62) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with Derby embedded database (13.6) reveals that in these tests, EclipseLink with Derby embedded is 21.9 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using JPA element collections with small transaction/retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.092) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with Derby embedded database (11.3) reveals that in that case, EclipseLink with Derby embedded is 123 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

Other Head to Head DBMS/JPA Comparisons

JPA Performance Benchmark - Copyright © 2010, 2011, 2012 ObjectDB Software Ltd. - All rights reserved.
The benchmark program is released as open source under the GPL license.