• Benchmark
• Results
• Comparison

JPA Performance Benchmark (JPAB)

Comparison of Hibernate with SQLite embedded vs EclipseLink with H2 embedded

Each of the following tables focuses on a specific database operation, where the last table presents average results comparison.

Speed comparison of JPA database persistence operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded
Basic Person Test	0.083	25.1	1.0	8.9	0.55	17.0
Element Collection Test	0.067	20.4	0.69	8.0	0.38	14.2
Inheritance Test	0.080	28.7	0.99	8.7	0.54	18.7
Indexing Test	0.098	37.6	1.0	14.0	0.55	25.8
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	0.27	17.7	0.96	14.7	0.61	16.2
Multithreading Test	failed	30.3	failed	11.4	failed	20.8
All Tests	0.12	26.6	0.93	10.9	0.53	18.8

Hibernate with SQLite embedded has failed in 2 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general EclipseLink with H2 embedded is much more efficient than Hibernate with SQLite embedded in persisting JPA entity objects to the database. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.53) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with H2 embedded database (18.8) reveals that in these tests, EclipseLink with H2 embedded is 35.5 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using database indexes with small transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.098) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with H2 embedded database (37.6) reveals that in that case, EclipseLink with H2 embedded is 384 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

Speed comparison of JPA database retrieval operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Retrieval Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded
Basic Person Test	1.8	30.4	1.3	29.1	1.5	29.7
Element Collection Test	0.0008	19.6	failed	27.6	0.0008	23.6
Inheritance Test	2.4	33.8	1.4	39.8	1.9	36.8
Indexing Test	1.9	22.2	2.3	41.3	2.1	31.8
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	0.56	16.0	0.88	20.0	0.72	18.0
Multithreading Test	failed	33.7	failed	29.0	failed	31.4
All Tests	1.3	25.9	1.5	31.1	1.4	28.5

Hibernate with SQLite embedded has failed in 3 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general EclipseLink with H2 embedded is much more efficient than Hibernate with SQLite embedded in retrieving JPA entity objects from the database. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (1.4) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with H2 embedded database (28.5) reveals that in these tests, EclipseLink with H2 embedded is 20.4 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using JPA element collections with small retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.0008) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with H2 embedded database (19.6) reveals that in that case, EclipseLink with H2 embedded is 24,500 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

Speed comparison of JPA database query operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Retrieval Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded
Basic Person Test	1.1	4.4	0.22	1.4	0.65	2.9
Element Collection Test	0.39	4.1	failed	2.4	0.39	3.2
Inheritance Test	0.53	3.4	0.28	2.0	0.40	2.7
Indexing Test	0.0011	13.0	0.43	22.8	0.21	17.9
Multithreading Test	failed	1.0	failed	0.67	failed	0.85
All Tests	0.50	5.2	0.31	5.9	0.42	5.5

Hibernate with SQLite embedded has failed in 3 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general EclipseLink with H2 embedded is much more efficient than Hibernate with SQLite embedded in executing the tested JPA queries. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.42) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with H2 embedded database (5.5) reveals that in these tests, EclipseLink with H2 embedded is 13.1 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using database indexes with small retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.0011) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with H2 embedded database (13.0) reveals that in that case, EclipseLink with H2 embedded is 11,818 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

Speed comparison of JPA database update operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded
Basic Person Test	0.076	16.6	0.65	7.6	0.37	12.1
Element Collection Test	0.0022	15.3	failed	10.5	0.0022	12.9
Inheritance Test	0.079	15.7	0.97	9.8	0.53	12.7
Indexing Test	0.057	12.1	0.54	9.9	0.30	11.0
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	0.26	13.7	0.42	7.0	0.34	10.3
Multithreading Test	failed	20.9	failed	4.2	failed	12.6
All Tests	0.094	15.7	0.65	8.2	0.34	12.0

Hibernate with SQLite embedded has failed in 3 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general EclipseLink with H2 embedded is much more efficient than Hibernate with SQLite embedded in updating JPA entity objects in the database. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.34) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with H2 embedded database (12.0) reveals that in these tests, EclipseLink with H2 embedded is 35.3 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using JPA element collections with small transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.0022) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with H2 embedded database (15.3) reveals that in that case, EclipseLink with H2 embedded is 6,955 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

Speed comparison of JPA database removal operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded
Basic Person Test	0.061	35.1	0.91	19.6	0.49	27.4
Element Collection Test	0.0007	19.3	failed	8.5	0.0007	13.9
Inheritance Test	0.058	36.0	0.90	14.0	0.48	25.0
Indexing Test	0.079	42.5	0.54	19.2	0.31	30.9
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	0.24	12.2	0.80	14.4	0.52	13.3
Multithreading Test	failed	54.4	failed	25.8	failed	40.1
All Tests	0.088	33.3	0.79	16.9	0.40	25.1

Hibernate with SQLite embedded has failed in 3 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general EclipseLink with H2 embedded is much more efficient than Hibernate with SQLite embedded in deleting JPA entity objects from the database. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.40) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with H2 embedded database (25.1) reveals that in these tests, EclipseLink with H2 embedded is 62.8 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using JPA element collections with small transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.0007) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with H2 embedded database (19.3) reveals that in that case, EclipseLink with H2 embedded is 27,571 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

Comparison of database storage efficiency (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded
Basic Person Test	90.2	36.2	90.2	39.2	90.2	37.7
Element Collection Test	82.0	33.3	82.0	34.9	82.0	34.1
Inheritance Test	80.5	35.4	80.5	36.2	80.5	35.8
Indexing Test	93.4	39.8	94.8	43.7	94.1	41.7
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	67.9	41.0	50.9	28.4	59.4	34.7
Multithreading Test	failed	48.7	failed	12.4	failed	30.6
All Tests	82.8	39.1	79.7	32.5	81.2	35.8

Hibernate with SQLite embedded has failed in 2 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general Hibernate with SQLite embedded is more efficient than EclipseLink with H2 embedded in using disk space. Comparing the normalized score of EclipseLink with H2 embedded database (35.8) to the normalized score of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (81.2) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with SQLite embedded is 2.3 times more efficient than EclipseLink with H2 embedded.

A large gap has been detected when using simple basic entities with small transaction size. Comparing the normalized score of EclipseLink with H2 embedded database (36.2) to the normalized score of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (90.2) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with SQLite embedded is 2.5 times more efficient than EclipseLink with H2 embedded.

Comparison of JPA/Database speed - the averages (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction/Retrieval Size	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded	Hibernate SQLite embedded	EclipseLink H2 embedded
Basic Person Test	0.63	22.3	0.81	13.3	0.72	17.8
Element Collection Test	0.092	15.7	0.69	11.4	0.19	13.6
Inheritance Test	0.63	23.5	0.91	14.9	0.77	19.2
Indexing Test	0.42	25.5	0.96	21.5	0.69	23.5
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	0.33	14.9	0.77	14.0	0.55	14.5
Multithreading Test	failed	28.1	failed	14.2	failed	21.1
All Tests	0.42	21.9	0.86	14.9	0.62	18.4

The results above show that in general EclipseLink with H2 embedded is much more efficient than Hibernate with SQLite embedded in performing JPA database operations. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.62) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with H2 embedded database (18.4) reveals that in these tests, EclipseLink with H2 embedded is 29.7 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using JPA element collections with small transaction/retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.092) to the normalized speed of EclipseLink with H2 embedded database (15.7) reveals that in that case, EclipseLink with H2 embedded is 171 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

Other Head to Head DBMS/JPA Comparisons

JPA Performance Benchmark - Copyright © 2010, 2011, 2012 ObjectDB Software Ltd. - All rights reserved.
The benchmark program is released as open source under the GPL license.