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JPA Performance Benchmark (JPAB)

Comparison of Hibernate with MySQL server vs Hibernate with SQLite embedded

Each of the following tables focuses on a specific database operation, where the last table presents average results comparison.

Speed comparison of JPA database persistence operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate MySQL server	Hibernate SQLite embedded	Hibernate MySQL server	Hibernate SQLite embedded	Hibernate MySQL server	Hibernate SQLite embedded
Basic Person Test	3.6	0.083	1.6	1.0	2.6	0.55
Element Collection Test	1.6	0.067	0.72	0.69	1.1	0.38
Inheritance Test	3.7	0.080	1.6	0.99	2.7	0.54
Indexing Test	5.4	0.098	2.6	1.0	4.0	0.55
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	1.5	0.27	1.2	0.96	1.4	0.61
Multithreading Test	7.4	failed	2.9	failed	5.2	failed
All Tests	3.9	0.12	1.8	0.93	2.8	0.53

Hibernate with SQLite embedded has failed in 2 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general Hibernate with MySQL server is much more efficient than Hibernate with SQLite embedded in persisting JPA entity objects to the database. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.53) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with MySQL database server (2.8) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with MySQL server is 5.3 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using database indexes with small transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.098) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with MySQL database server (5.4) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with MySQL server is 55.1 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

Speed comparison of JPA database retrieval operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Retrieval Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate MySQL server	Hibernate SQLite embedded	Hibernate MySQL server	Hibernate SQLite embedded	Hibernate MySQL server	Hibernate SQLite embedded
Basic Person Test	3.0	1.8	11.0	1.3	7.0	1.5
Element Collection Test	0.34	0.0008	1.2	failed	0.79	0.0008
Inheritance Test	1.3	2.4	14.5	1.4	7.9	1.9
Indexing Test	2.5	1.9	12.8	2.3	7.6	2.1
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	0.55	0.56	0.71	0.88	0.63	0.72
Multithreading Test	0.23	failed	13.8	failed	7.0	failed
All Tests	1.3	1.3	9.0	1.5	5.2	1.4

Hibernate with SQLite embedded has failed in 3 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general Hibernate with MySQL server is much more efficient than Hibernate with SQLite embedded in retrieving JPA entity objects from the database. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (1.4) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with MySQL database server (5.2) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with MySQL server is 3.7 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using JPA element collections with small retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.0008) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with MySQL database server (0.34) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with MySQL server is 425 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

Speed comparison of JPA database query operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Retrieval Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate MySQL server	Hibernate SQLite embedded	Hibernate MySQL server	Hibernate SQLite embedded	Hibernate MySQL server	Hibernate SQLite embedded
Basic Person Test	10.0	1.1	2.0	0.22	6.0	0.65
Element Collection Test	6.7	0.39	0.53	failed	3.6	0.39
Inheritance Test	2.8	0.53	1.6	0.28	2.2	0.40
Indexing Test	0.44	0.0011	2.0	0.43	1.2	0.21
Multithreading Test	2.1	failed	0.98	failed	1.5	failed
All Tests	4.4	0.50	1.4	0.31	2.9	0.42

Hibernate with SQLite embedded has failed in 3 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general Hibernate with MySQL server is much more efficient than Hibernate with SQLite embedded in executing the tested JPA queries. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.42) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with MySQL database server (2.9) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with MySQL server is 6.9 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using database indexes with small retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.0011) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with MySQL database server (0.44) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with MySQL server is 400 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

Speed comparison of JPA database update operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate MySQL server	Hibernate SQLite embedded	Hibernate MySQL server	Hibernate SQLite embedded	Hibernate MySQL server	Hibernate SQLite embedded
Basic Person Test	0.73	0.076	1.6	0.65	1.2	0.37
Element Collection Test	0.39	0.0022	1.2	failed	0.78	0.0022
Inheritance Test	0.61	0.079	2.1	0.97	1.4	0.53
Indexing Test	0.81	0.057	2.6	0.54	1.7	0.30
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	0.69	0.26	0.40	0.42	0.54	0.34
Multithreading Test	0.63	failed	3.0	failed	1.8	failed
All Tests	0.64	0.094	1.8	0.65	1.2	0.34

Hibernate with SQLite embedded has failed in 3 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general Hibernate with MySQL server is much more efficient than Hibernate with SQLite embedded in updating JPA entity objects in the database. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.34) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with MySQL database server (1.2) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with MySQL server is 3.5 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using JPA element collections with small transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.0022) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with MySQL database server (0.39) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with MySQL server is 177 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

Speed comparison of JPA database removal operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate MySQL server	Hibernate SQLite embedded	Hibernate MySQL server	Hibernate SQLite embedded	Hibernate MySQL server	Hibernate SQLite embedded
Basic Person Test	1.1	0.061	1.7	0.91	1.4	0.49
Element Collection Test	0.21	0.0007	0.53	failed	0.37	0.0007
Inheritance Test	0.65	0.058	1.8	0.90	1.2	0.48
Indexing Test	0.81	0.079	2.0	0.54	1.4	0.31
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	0.55	0.24	0.62	0.80	0.58	0.52
Multithreading Test	0.35	failed	4.1	failed	2.2	failed
All Tests	0.61	0.088	1.8	0.79	1.2	0.40

Hibernate with SQLite embedded has failed in 3 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general Hibernate with MySQL server is more efficient than Hibernate with SQLite embedded in deleting JPA entity objects from the database. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.40) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with MySQL database server (1.2) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with MySQL server is 3.0 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using JPA element collections with small transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.0007) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with MySQL database server (0.21) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with MySQL server is 300 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

Comparison of JPA/Database speed - the averages (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction/Retrieval Size	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate MySQL server	Hibernate SQLite embedded	Hibernate MySQL server	Hibernate SQLite embedded	Hibernate MySQL server	Hibernate SQLite embedded
Basic Person Test	3.7	0.63	3.6	0.81	3.6	0.72
Element Collection Test	1.8	0.092	0.84	0.69	1.3	0.19
Inheritance Test	1.8	0.63	4.3	0.91	3.1	0.77
Indexing Test	2.0	0.42	4.4	0.96	3.2	0.69
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	0.83	0.33	0.73	0.77	0.78	0.55
Multithreading Test	2.1	failed	5.0	failed	3.6	failed
All Tests	2.1	0.42	3.2	0.86	2.7	0.62

The results above show that in general Hibernate with MySQL server is much more efficient than Hibernate with SQLite embedded in performing JPA database operations. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.62) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with MySQL database server (2.7) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with MySQL server is 4.4 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using JPA element collections with small transaction/retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with SQLite embedded database (0.092) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with MySQL database server (1.8) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with MySQL server is 19.6 times faster than Hibernate with SQLite embedded.

Other Head to Head DBMS/JPA Comparisons

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